Yellow-rumped Warbler (Setophaga coronata)
Common spring and very common fall migrant, probable summer resident, very rare winter visitor.
Spring migration evident mid-April (presumably underreported early April), peak mid-late Apr. - end of May, and apparently over by the first week of June; spring maxima: 104 on Apr. 27, 2011 (TMag), 80 on May 12, 1997 (PV), 70 on Apr. 29, 2011 (TMag). Probable breeder, with scattered reports of singles or pairs during the summer months. Apparent fall migrants arrive the last week of August, peak second week Sep. - late Oct., and depart by mid-late Nov; fall maxima: 1900 on Oct. 12, 2014 (LS, et al.), 1000 on Sep. 28, 1983 (PV), Oct. 7, 1989 (SS), Oct. 7, 1990 (SS), and Sep. 29, 1992 (PV), 687 on Oct. 5, 2015 (JT, JO). Eight winter records, all but one from the CBC period (1 on Feb. 7, 2009 - TMag), highlighting the lack of coverage during this season; winter maxima: 14 on Jan. 4, 2007 (PV, et al), 7 on Dec. 22, 1988 (PV), 3 on Jan. 3, 2015 (DH, et al). Ten Year: SP - 9, SU - 8, F - 9, W - 2.
Easily the most abundant warbler species encountered on Monhegan during migration (and eastern North America as a whole). Literally seen everywhere on the island during fallouts, including descriptions such as "bundles." Notable flight characteristics described from numerous locations during the fall: 1) as part of the record 1900 on Oct. 12, 2014, 1100 were seen after dawn behind the school, with many departing the island and 100s present the rest of the day, especially the north end (LS, et al.), 2) many at dawn over Lobster Cove and heading west toward the mainland on Sep. 30, 2007 (DL), 3) flocks of 20+ flying overhead most of morning on Oct. 22, 2011 (MI, et al.), 4) most abundant warbler on island Sep. 25, 2009 with 50+ in off the water at Lobster Cove at dawn and hundreds streaming over the Murdock House afterwards (LS), 5) "writhing masses seen from the ferry" on Oct. 7, 2012 (LS). As in the case of other early spring migrants, lack of coverage in April affects the extent and understanding of the spring migration, not to mention the lack of winter reporting.
Fall 2015 was exceptional for a large movement over an extended period, with counts of 100+ recorded 10 straight days (Oct. 4-13), including high counts of 687 on the 5th and 478 on the 6th. While not included in the fall maxima, a significant combined total of 4000 was reported for the period Oct. 8-13, 1997 (SS). Numbers can fluctuate drastically from day to day, with only 75 present the day after the record flight of 1900 in 2014 (375 the day before).
Of note regarding breeding, one first-year bird (out of 2 individuals) was reported Aug. 6, 2013 (TR) and 3 juveniles were reported Aug. 21, 2013 (BW) - the possibility of post-fledging dispersal or early migration cannot be ruled out. Other age/sex data has been largely absent.
While "Myrtle" is the expected subspecies (S. c. coronata), no records of the western "Audubon's" subspecies (S. c. auduboni) have been recorded on Monhegan, despite their casual status in most eastern states and provinces. Roughly half of all reports over the past ten years have indicated the subspecies as "Myrtle."
BBA: 1983 - possible.
CBC: recorded 6 years (25%) plus 1 count week, first on Dec. 22, 1988; total of 29 with a max. of 14 on Jan. 4, 2007, avg. 4.8.
Banding: 520 over 6 seasons (most common species banded), peak of 261 in 1961 (max. 104 on Oct. 9).
1908 Reconnaissance: one male observed on June 5.
1909 Walks & Talks: a few heard singing in the woods.
1918 Fall Migration Census: Dewis - 4 (Sep. 7, 9, 10, 11), Wentworth - 16 days, spanning Oct. 8-25, including "many" on Oct. 24 and "common" on Oct. 25.
1954 Summer Records: 2 of 3 checklists (June 27 - July 4 & July 10-16).
1970 Summer Checklist: included, marked as known to breed in area.
Historical/Regional
Hitchcock: included. Listed as Yellow Rump Warbler.
Knight: Maine - common spring and abundant fall migrant, common summer resident northern, eastern and western Maine, few wintering in Cape Elizabeth. Also listed as Myrtle Warbler, Yellow-crowned Warbler, Willow Warbler.
Palmer: Monhegan - although nests on inshore islands, not yet reported on Monhegan. Maine - numerous spring and sometimes abundant fall migrant (begins flocking in early Aug.), very common from Sagadahoc County eastward, few records for winter.
Cruickshank: Lincoln - fall migrant starting late Aug. (indications of flocking in early Aug.), common summer resident where conifers predominate.
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